Matrix making machine



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1Q -G.OALDER,J1-. 1 MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. v No. 444,124. Patented Jan. 6, 1891.

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(No Model.)

G CALDER, J1 MATRIX MAKING MACHINE.

No. 444,124. Patented Jan.6,1891.

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G. CALDER, J1". MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. No. 444,124. Patented Jan. 6,1891.

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(No Model.) I 5 SheetsSheet 4. G. CALDER-,Jr.

MATRIX MAKING MACHINE. No. 444,124. Patented Jan. 6, 1891.

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No. 444,124. Patented Jan. 6', 1891.

M. z mzzm-my JVZI/VE'SSES UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE;

GEORGE CALDER, JR, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO MARY H. CALDER, OF SAME PLACE.

MATRIX-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 444,124, dated January 6, 1891. Application filed January 13, 1890. Serial No. 336,736. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: mally held in the screw-thread on the shaft Be it known that l, GEORGE CALDER, J r., a when it revolves from right to left, so that cltizen of the United States, residing at Lan- Said matrix-cylinder will be moved lengthcaster, in the county of Lancaster and State Wiseon part 3 by the revolution of the thread of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new ed cylinder.

and useful Improvements in Matrix-Making To provide for the free return of cylinder Machines; and I do hereby declare the follow- 1, the pin 11, which is pivoted to the cylinder ing to be a full, clear, and exact description at ll, is disengaged from the screw-thread of the invention, such as will enable others by moving bar 14' by means hereinafter de- IO skilled in the art to which it appertains to scribed, which movement of said bar causes 60 make and use the same the pin to be inclined, as indicated in dotted The object of the invention is to provide lines in Fig. 9,so that it will be trailed across means for impressing matrices with ease and the screw-threads upon the return of the cylapidity; and it consists in the matters hereinder, to which it is pivotally connected. It

inafter described and pointed out. should be noted that in Fig. 9 the side shown 3:;

1n the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is is opposite to that seen in Fig. 4. an end elevation, partly in section. Fig. 2 is The rack 5 is operated to turn the grooved a plan in part of the key-board or alphabetcylinder and move the matrix-cylinderlengthtable. Fig. 3 is a top plan view, partly in wise by means of pawls 25, each pivoted to a section, of the matrix bed or cylinder and sliding plate 26, which is forced forward 70 mechanism for moving it. Fig. 4: is a side against springs 27 by the cam or projection elevation of the same partly in section. Fig. 28 on any one of the series of operating-rods 5 is a vertical section of devices for moving a or key-levers 29, the extent of the movement type-carrier. Fig. 6 is a similar view of a being determined by the cam. Each rod is type-forcing hammer. Fig. 7 is an end view appropriate to a type or space of a particular 75 of the type-carrier, the hammer-head being thickness, and the-cam is of suitable form and shown in side view as it appears when about size to move plate 26, rack 5, and mediately to impress the type upon the matrix; and Fig. the matrix a distance corresponding to said 8 is a view of a detail of the type-moving type or space. The perpendicular face of the mechanism. Fig. 9 is a detail showing concam is adapted to prevent the return of plate 80 nection of pivoted finger and cylinder. 26 by the springs 27, while the rod is descend- The matrix is supported on part 1 of the ing lower to effect objects to be hereinafter two-part cylinder shown. This cylinder is described. supported to turn freely on axis or shaft 2, The rack 5 and the sliding plates that carry 3 5 and the part 1 is made longer than part 3 and the driving-pawls are supported in substan- 8 5 arranged to be moved upon it longitudinally, tially the same horizontal plane by a table a device a similar to a spline being provided attached to the frame of the machine,'said to prevent their independent rotation. The table being suitably slotted to permit the paslongitudinalmovement of the matrix-bed is sage of the operating-rod. Key-rods repre- 40 effected through circular rack 5 (ratohetsentingletters ofthe same space areso grouped 0 wheel) and pinions 6, idle-wheel '7, )inion S, as to operate upon the same sliding plates and miter-gears 9 and 10. The latter is afand have cams of substantially the same form fixed to a sleeve turning loosely on shaft 2, and size. The grooved cylinder being turned and said sleeve or a cylinder fixed thereon by the successive action of the rods 29, the

and extended within the matrix-cylinder is pivoted fingerll willtraverse thewholelength 5 provided with a spiral thread. of its groove and pass out of the same and be 11 is a pivoted pin or finger pivotally conthrown out of operative position by a tripnected with the movable part 1 of the twoping device 12, which at the proper time is part cylinder and provided on one side with struck by the sliding bar 14., which is thereby a stop 12 in such manner that the pin is normoved endwis'e, the pivoted pin loosely con- I00 nected thereto being thereby tilted on its axis and thrown out of its groove, so that the matrix-cylinder can be returned without the revolution of the grooved cylinder. Upon its return the bar 1% strikes an annular projection orbnmpcr 153, and the pin 11 is tilted back on its pivot and is returned to its operative position at the end of the grooved cylinderand near the enlarged mouth of the groove, a spring l-l being provided to move the matrix-cylinder and pin a short distance to on ter said mouth. The spring it is put under tension by the means which returns the matrix-cylinder, which consists of devices for introducing coiii rossccl air or other iluid into part 3 of the two-part cylinder.

15 is a reservoir for compressed air, and 16 is a pipe communicating with it and with said cylinder 3 when cock 17is turned by depressing the rod 18. A spring returns said rod and opens the escape-port ot the waste-cock 1T. Shaft 2 is made hollow for at least a part of its length, so that the cylinder 3 can re ceive the compressed air through it.

The same rod which turns the cock For the operation just described also rotates the matrix-cylinder. A ratchet-wheel 1t], fixed on a shaft 20, is turned by the pawl 21 upon the descent of rod 18. The turning of shaft and pinion which engages gear-wheel 23, ai'iixed to cylinder 3, turns the latter. This operation occurs when a complete l ne has been impressed on the matrix and it is necessary to move the latter to a new position for a new line.

To provide for lines of different lengths, the ratio of gears 6 and 7 may be changed and a grooved cylinder of a length to correspond provided. To provide for a change in the distance between lines, an adjustable stop ill is provided, which limits the descent of the operating-rod.

Devices for moving type into proper position and impressing them upon the matrix will next be described.

In Fig. 7 (see also Figs. 5 and U) is shown a type-carrier 31, at'iixed to a piston-rod 32. This carrier has four arms or branches, each adapted to support a type on its end. The hammer i0 has in its face a hollow or slot of sufficient size to receive a type-supporting arm and permit the hammer-face at the sides of the slot to strike upon the sides of the transverse typc-supportin g arms, the type itself being untouched by said hammer. The particular form of the hollow opening or slot is not material, it being important, however, that the type-face be notstruck by thehannner. Each of a series of type-carriers 31, allixed to a pistonwod 32, moving in a cylinder 33, is pushed under the hammer 4O immeijliately above the proper point on the matrix by compressed air or similar fluid. Pipes 34: and 35 communicating with the cylinders, one on each side of the piston, also communicate by means of one of a series of pipes 37 with any convenient holder or source of compressed air. Preferably a belt pipe or holder 38 is arranged a little below the top of the ma.- chincand connected with each of the series. This annular holder can be supplied from any convenient source, as from reservoir 15 through pipe 3.. Arms -11 and 42, fixed to suitable cocks in the pipes 34. and 35, respectively, are provided with devices or hands l2 which encompass a pin 4t on rod 2t). These hands or rings are made sufficiently large and so arranged that the rod may move a short space without coming in contact with them. This part of the descent of the rod moves the matrix material the distance of a letter, as above described, and the continued descent of the rod reverses the position of. the cocks illustrated in Fig. 5, so that cock 4:5 is closed to the external air and permits compressed air to pass to the rear of piston 47 and cor-k 46 is opened to the external air. The type-carrier is thus pushed to its operative position. In the meantime the rod 29 has reached lever 48 and raised the piv oted levers and weight 54-, loosely connected thereto, with the effect of moving crank-arm 50, fixed to cocks similar to 45 and and. similarly arranged, whereby compressed air is admitted to pipe 51 and above piston 52 to operate the hammer 4-0, which descends upon the type-carricr, (see Fig. 7,) pipe receiving waste air, which is passed out of cock 50. It should be understood that cocks 50 and 50 located in pipes 53 and 51, respectively, are two way-cocks such as illustrated in Fig. 5, and that each is alternately put in open communication with cylinder 57 and with the open air, whereby air under pressure is ad.- mitted to said cylindcron one side of the piston and exhausted into the open air from the other, the construction and operation being substantially like that shown and described in connection with cocks and .6. The rods are elastic, and each carrying a type is at the desired time moved out of its cylinder 33 by the means above stated to bring the type under the hammer, whereupon the cock in pipe 51 is opened to permit compressed air to enter cylinder 57 above the piston and operate the hammer, the space in the cylinder below the piston being in free communication with the open air through the cock in pipe 53. Under the stroke of the hammer the rod 32, which is elastic, bends to permit the type to dcscen d upon the matrix, the clasticity of the rod being sufficient to throw it up when the hammer rises. A weight 54; reverses the cooks and 50as soon as the finger of the operator is removed from rod 2.), and spring 55, put under tension by the previous descent of the rod, is allowed to expand and lift it. This reversal of the cooks admits compressed air below piston 52 and raises the hammer, air being wasted at cock 50 Above hammer-piston 52 its rod is extended and provided with asecond piston 56, working in cylinder 57, which is an extension of cylinder 57, but does not communicate therewith. The resistance of air in this extension can be regulated by means of the cocks 58, and by this means the force of the hammer may be regulated. (See Fig. 6.) The type-carrier is Withdrawn simultaneously with the ascent of the hammer by the effect of spring 55, which carries pin 44 into engagement with rings 43, and restores the valves to the position shown in Fig. 5, which represents the work as accomplished.

59 are fingers designed to enlarge the reach of devices 43 and insure their engagement with pin 44.

The type-carrier 31 has four faces, to each of which is secured a type or mark, those of the samesize or which occupy the same space on the matrix being grouped on the same car-- riers. These are each turned to bring any desired face or type into position to be impressed on the matrix by a grooved cylinder 60, located in the cylinder or race 33, which cylinder (it) is rotated by means of a pin 61 moving in a slot 62 under the action of a sliding plate 63, which is pushed in by means of the bar or extension 62'. (See Figs. 5 and 6.)

At 64 is indicated the upper end of a springwire, which enters each of the notches in succession if the bar is pushed inwardly a sufticient distance to cause an entire revolution of cylinder by means of pin 61. Aspring for returning the plate is indicated at 65. Rod 32 is angular and passes through an angular opening at the axis of the cylinder 60, and is turned with it, as are also the type-carrier and piston 4-7.

It will be understood that the various types, marks, and characters supported upon typecarriers, togetherwith the carrier-moving devices, are arranged and grouped in any convenient manner and number.

As arranged in Fig. 5, the operating or key board is intended for twenty-six carriers or one hundred and four distinct type on each side. This number can be increased. The number of type supported by each carrier can be varied and other changes of like character made by mechanical skill, and particularly the air-pipes, such as 34 and 35, can be considerably extended, and in any desired direction, without departure from the invention, and it will be convenient by this means to enable the operating-rods corresponding to those letters and characters which are ordinarily most used, or any others, to be located at the front of the key-board.

It willbe understood that one or more of the rods 29 will have no connection with the hammer-valve mechanism and will be adapted to move the matrix without making an impression to make proper spaces between the words or provide for other blanks in a line.

In my application, Serial No. 335,100, filed December 27, 1889, is described and claimed a combination of cylinders and pistons, typecarriers, and conduits provided with controlling-cocks for operating the piston-carrier by means of a compressed fluid, also the combination therewith of a piston-hammer, andalso of a reciprocating key-rod. In the present case claims to combinations having general resemblance to the above are limited to a revoluble type-carrier and to the particular means set forth for operating the levers at tached to the cooks in the conduits for compressed fluid.

In application, SerialNo. 338,7 1t4, fi ed Januuary 31, 1890, I have described and claimed particular mechanism, including a type-carrier f r several series of type, in combination with a rack and gear, the latter being so connectcd to the rod of the type-carrier that they revolve together, while free endwise motion of the rod and carrier is permitted, and also in combination theren ith a cylinder, piston, and air-inlet for moving the carrier, and such matters are not of the present. invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent 1. In a matrix-impressing machine, the two part cylinder, one part being adapted to receive a matrix material and be moved upon the other longitudinally by the type-operating'mechanism, and a conduit communicating with a reservoiror othersource of compressed air and with the interior of said cylinder, substantially as set forth.

2. In a matrix-impressing machine, the twopart cylinder, one part being adapted to receive a matrix material and be moved upon the other longitudinally by the type-operating m echanism, a conduit communicatingwith a reservoir or other source of compressed air and with the interior of said cylinder, an operating-rod provided with a projection corresponding to the thickness of a type, devices for moving type into proper position adjacent to the matrix material, and intermediate mechanism, whereby the rod moves the matrix-supporting cylinder a distance equal to the thickness of a type, substantially as set forth.

3. In a matrix impressing machine, the type-carrier and its rod provided with a piston, the piston-cylinder, conduits for compressed air communicating with the cylinder each side of the piston, the operating-rod provided with a pin, and cooks in the air-pipes, provided with arms having rings arranged to surround and engage said pin when the rod is moved and serving to change the position of the valves to alternately admit air on one side of the piston and simultaneously waste the air from the other side, substantially as set forth.

4. In a matrix-im 'n'essing machine, a typecarrier provided with several faces,each adapted to receive a type, a rod and piston connected thereto, a piston-cylinder, a grooved cylinder surrounding the rod and having angular connection therewith to permit endwise movement of the rod through said grooved cylinder'while compelling them to rotate together, and a pin engaging the groove in the cylinder and movable in a slot in an extension of the piston-cylinder, whereby the typecarrier can be turned, substantially as set forth.

5. In a matrix-impressing machine, a cylinder and piston, a revoluble type-earrier, the carrier being connected to the piston in said cylinder, and devices for admitting air to suitably move the piston and carrier, substantially as set forth.

0'. In a matrix-impressing machine, a hammer provided with a slot or opening in its face, and a type-carrier having type on opposite portions thereof, said openingin the hammer being of a size to embrace a type on one side and permit the hammer-face to strike the carrier to print or impress the opposite type, substantially as set forth.

7. In a matrix-machine, a cylinder, a piston having its rod extended through one end of the cylinder and provided with a hammer, said rod being also extended through the opposite end of the cylinder,which is made close and provided with a piston and a second closed cylinder in which thelast-named piston plays, said second cylinder being provided with cocks to regulate the escape of air from the same, whereby all egress of air is regulated and whereby the force of the ham mer-stroke may be controlled and adjusted, in combination with a type-carrier, substantially as set forth.

8. In a matrix-in]pressing machine, a pistonhammer, the cylinder in which the piston moves, conduits communicating therewith, one on each side of the piston, and with a reservoir or other source of compressed air, cocks located in the conduits, provided with arms connected by bars pivoted thereto and to each other, a lever adapted to move the arms and cocks to permit compressed air to pour through one and waste from the other alternately, means for reversing the cooks when the rod is released from the lever, and an operating-rod in the path of which the lever is arranged, substantially as set forth.

I. In a matrix-intpressing machine, the matrix-cylinder provided with a gear, the pinion, and its axis,havingthereon a ratchet, in combination with the operating-rod having a pawl pivoted thereto, and devices for returning the matrix-cylinder longitudinally to its initial position, said devices being adapted to be made simultaneously operative by the rod which moves the ratchet to turn the cylinder eircumferentially, substantially asset forth.

10. In a matrix-impressing machine, the matrix-cylinder provided with a gear, the pinion, and its axis, havingthereon a ratchet, in combination with the operating-rod having a pawl pivoted thereto, and a stop arranged in the path of a projection 011 the rod and made adj ustablc to permit the extent of the move-- ment of the pawl and the rotation of the cylinder at each operation to be varied, substantially as set forth.

11. Ina matriX-impressing machine, a cylinder, a piston connected to a type-carrier, a pipe or reservoir for compressed air, located immediately under the table constituting the top of the machine, and pipes or conduits communicating with the reservoir and with the cylinder on each side of the piston, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE CALDER, .TR.

Witnesses:

EDWARD CASHMAN, BEN-T. R. CATLIN. 

